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A proxy often referred to as proxy server software that functions as an intermediary between client and server on the internet. Without proxy servers, users can send a request for something directly through a server, and the server would then deliver the resource directly back to the client. Though this approach is simple to comprehend and implement the addition of proxies can bring advantages in terms of enhanced performance and privacy, security and many more. Alongside adding a layer of security, proxies act as a security guardian of the internet between servers and clients.




There is a general consensus that the servers and the hardware that is used along with proxy software is often referred to proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies which are usually classified as software, and in the case of web servers. We will provide a brief overview of the two main types of proxies, which include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use that can cause confusion due to a similar name convention.




This article will give you an understanding of what proxies are and what subtypes they are and how they function in typical setups. In in this post, you'll be able to recognize the circumstances where it's beneficial to utilize a proxy and choose the best option between reverse proxy and forward proxy, in any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words, a forward proxy sometimes called open proxy. In other words, an open proxy is a proxy of a customer who wishes to forward a request via the internet to an origin server. In this case, every attempt to send requests from the client will instead be directed directly through the forward proxy. Forward proxy acting on instead of the user, will look into the request. The first step is to determine if the client has the right to accept requests from this specific forward proxy. It will then decide if it is authorized to deny a request and transfer it onto the original server. The client is unable to directly access the internet. It can only access what the forward proxy grants it access to.




The most common reason for using forward proxy services is to improve privacy or security when surfing the internet. Forward proxy allows you to connect to the internet in instead of a client and as such it can use an alternative IP address to the original IP address used by the client.




Depending on how they've been set up in the past forward proxy servers may provide a range of options and allow you to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any limitations based on your geographic place of residence.




Forward proxies may also be utilized in systems that offer central security and permission-based access, like in the workplace. If all internet traffic flows through an open forward proxy,, administrators can restrict access to only certain clients to the internet that are filtered through a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls installed for the client layer which could comprise a variety of computers with different user and operating environments, the firewall could be put in the forward proxy layer.




It is important to note that settings for forward proxy need to be manually configured for use to function, while reverse proxies are able to be ignored by clients. Based on whether the IP address of the client is sent to the origin server through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity can be granted or denied.




There are a variety of alternatives to think about for forward proxies:




Apache is a well-known open-source webserver that includes forward proxy functions.


Nginx: Another popular open-source webserver with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid: A no-cost forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. Squid isn't a complete Web server service. Take a look at our step-bystep guide to create Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy that runs using the SOCKS protocol, instead of HTTP which makes it better suited to situations such as peer-to-topeer traffic. You can also examine how you can install an Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as a proxy for web servers, which handles any requests that come in from clients. The web server could comprise one server or several servers. It could also be used as an application server like Gunicorn. In any of these scenarios, the request for an application comes from a user via the internet in general. Most of the time the request will be directed directly to the web server along with the data the user wants. Reverse proxy, however, acts as an intermediary, shielding Web servers from direct contact with the web's public.




From the point of view that is from a user's perspective, working via a reverse proxy identical to working with direct connections to an internet server. It's exactly the same thing, however the user is unable to be able to discern the differences. The client asks for an item and receives it without any further configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxies can provide features such as:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Controlling traffic coming inbound according to rules you can design.


The caching function has been added to the app.




While central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxies provide this feature only to the server layer and it is not available to the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls for servers on the internet, that could contain multiple servers and different configurations, the majority of the firewall security is targeted at reverse proxy layers. Additionally, removing the responsibility to interact with a firewall as well as dealing with client requests without the need for web servers enables them to concentrate on serving the requirements of their clients.




If there are multiple servers being hosted using a reverse-proxy, the reverse proxy is responsible to direct which requests are routed at which server. There may be several web servers offering similar content providing different types of resource or a mix of both. These servers may be running the HTTP protocol exactly the same way as a traditional web server, however they could also include other protocols for applications servers, such as FastCGI. It is also possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct clients to specific servers based upon the requested resource or comply with specific rules pertaining to traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can make use of their location before web servers by delivering the ability to cache. The large static files can be set up with caching rules to avoid from hitting web servers on every request. There are solutions even allowing you to serve static assets directly without connecting to a web server even once. In addition reverse proxy is able to manage compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx web server can also function as a very popular reverse proxy option. While Apache is also a reverse proxy service however, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server is also equipped complete with the reverse proxy feature that is an added feature of Apache while Nginx was designed initially to and is focused on the reverse proxy feature.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" are associated with directionality, and false comparisons with "incoming" or "outgoing" traffic the labels can be confusing because both types of proxy deal with requests and responses. A better approach to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the requirements of the program you're creating.




Reverse proxy is helpful when building a solution to provide web-based services over the internet. They serve as your web servers for when you use the web.




Forward proxy can be beneficial when it is placed before clients for personal use, or in the corporate setting. They are your client's representative when you interact with the internet.




The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on standard naming conventions could help in avoidance of confusion.



Conclusion



This article defined the meaning of a proxy with the two kinds that are forward and the reverse proxy. Practical applications and a review of beneficial features were utilized to differentiate between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested in learning more about how to set up proxies you can check out our guide on how to configure Nginx as a web server and reverse proxy with Apache in Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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